Approaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Introduction and Overview John J. Boren, Lisa Simon Onken, and Kathleen M. Carroll
The consequences of drug and alcohol abuse in the United States are enormously costly. Although the costs can be evaluated in dollars, they are more readily understood in human terms: family discord, neglect of children, personal misery, financial straits, medical problems, fetal alcohol syndrome, HIV infection, legal problems, incarceration, automobile accidents, lower work productivity, and job loss, and the list goes on. Combating and reducing the source of these problems have proven to be difficult indeed, but one of the most straightforward and noncontroversial ways is to provide effective treatment to drug abusers.
This book is about treatment. In particular, it is about the basic component of most treatment programs’ group and individual counseling. The intent of this book is to present information on various counseling approaches used in some of the best known and most respected treatment programs in the United States. Certainly all meritorious counseling models are not represented and, as a practical matter, could not be represented. However, chapters have been written by representatives of such well-known treatment programs as the Hazelden Foundation (chapter by Patricia Owen), the Betty Ford Center (by Fred Sipe), CENAPS? (by Terence T. Gorski), Living In Balance (by Jeffrey A. Hoffman), and the Washton Institute (by Arnold M. Washton). Other chapters were prepared by representatives of nationally known research centers on the treatment of drug abuse, including William R. Miller (University of New Mexico), Delinda Mercer (University of Pennsylvania), and Dennis C. Daley (Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic). Two of the three treatments in Project Match, the monumental clinical trial sponsored by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, are described in this volume. (See William R. Miller’s Motivational Enhancement Therapy and Joseph Nowinski’s Twelve-Step Facilitation.) Finally, chapters prepared by Elizabeth Driscoll Jorgensen and Richard Salwen and by Scott D. Miller illustrate innovative counseling strategies designed for special populations and settings. Each chapter was written by an authoritative spokesperson for the counseling model being described.
After surveying a number of chapters in a typical edited book on treatment models, the reader may have a difficult time comparing them, seeing how they are similar, seeing where they differ. Each author typically finds different topics important, emphasizes different issues, and writes a chapter whose coverage is unlike any other author’s. Furthermore, if the chapter focuses on the theoretical background, it may be hard to gain a practical understanding of the counseling interventions and what the counselor actually does with the client. In an effort to make the comparison of the various models less difficult and to clarify how the model is applied in practice, two of the editors (K.M.C. and L.S.O.) designed a comprehensive outline of topics that could be applied to almost any counseling approach. The topics ranged from theoretical rationale to specific counseling practices. The authors were asked to follow a specific format, and they did so, with only an occasional exception in a few chapters. The format is:
With all chapters following the format, the reader can not only compare the various counseling models on any selected characteristic but also have a better idea of what a counselor actually does while following a particular model.
The work for this book began in October 1993 when the Treatment Research Branch of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) held a conference in Rockville, MD, on counseling models. Many of the authors represented in this volume attended this conference, described their counseling approaches, and exchanged views. Subsequently, chapters were prepared and then updated in the summer of 1996. The editors hope that the chapters will show how well-developed treatment programs counsel drug abusers and will serve as a resource to counselors, treatment providers, and interested readers who seek knowledge on counseling theory and practice.
EDITORS John J. Boren, Ph.D. (retired)
Chevy Chase, MD
Lisa Simon Onken, Ph.D. National Institutes of Health National Institute on Drug Abuse Division of Treatment and Research Development Behavioral Treatment Development Branch Neuroscience Center Building, Room 4227 6001 Executive Boulevard Bethesda, MD 20892
Kathleen M. Carroll, Ph.D.Yale University School of Medicine34 Park Street New Haven, CT 06519
Approaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Jeffrey A. Hoffman, Ben Jones, Barry D. Caudill, Dale W. Mayo, and Kathleen A. Mack 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE> The Living In Balance (LIB) counseling approach is designed as a practical, instructional guide for conducting group-oriented treatment sessions […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Scott D. Miller 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE 1.1 General Description of Approach The Solution-Focused Model is a brief therapy approach developed over the past 20 years at the Brief Family Therapy Center in Milwaukee, WI. The model continues […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Patricia Owen. Minnesota Model: Description of Counseling Approach The Minnesota Model approach is typically characterized by a thorough and ongoing assessment of all aspects of the client and of multimodal therapeutic approaches. It may include group and individual therapy, […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Fred Sipe 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE 1.1 General Description of Approach This approach to counseling is based on the belief that a condition of susceptibility to chemical addiction exists prior to the first use, sometimes referred to as […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Arnold M. Washton 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE 1.1 General Description of Approach This approach integrates psychotherapeutic and coping skills-training techniques with abstinence-based addiction counseling. The primary goals of treatment are to enhance and sustain patient motivation for change, […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Dennis C. Daley 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE 1.1 General Description of Approach Dual disorders recovery counseling (DDRC) is an integrated approach to treatment of patients with drug use disorders and comorbid psychiatric disorders. The DDRC model, which integrates […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Elizabeth Driscoll Jorgensen and Richard Salwen 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE 1.1 General Description of Approach This chapter describes a day treatment model for adolescent drug abusers with a comorbid psychiatric disorder, with emphasis on those aspects of the […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Delinda Mercer 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE 1.1 General Description of Approach Addiction counseling addresses the symptoms of drug addiction and related areas of impaired functioning and the content and structure of the client’s ongoing recovery program. This model […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health William R. Miller 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE 1.1 General Description of Approach? Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) seeks to evoke from clients their own motivation for change and to consolidate a personal decision and plan for change. The approach […]
Read ArticleApproaches to Drug Abuse Counseling U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health Joseph Nowinski 1. OVERVIEW, DESCRIPTION, AND RATIONALE 1.1 General Description of Approach Twelve-Step Facilitation (TSF) consists of a brief, structured, and manual-driven approach to facilitating early recovery from alcohol abuse/alcoholism and other drug abuse/addiction. It is intended to be […]
Read ArticleIntegrated Treatment of Substance Abuse & Mental Illness